Humeral quality and adrenal responsiveness in laying hens reared in standard and furnished cages
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چکیده
In order to find out whether furnished cages contribute to improving the welfare of laying hens, humerus quality and adrenal responsiveness were evaluated in laying hens reared in standard (S) and furnished cages (F). Four cage models were used: S5, a standard cage model with 5 hens per cage; S6, a standard cage model with 6 hens per cage; F7, a furnished cage model with 7 hens per cage (with a nest, dust-bathing box, two perches, and claw-shortening) and F15, a furnished cage model with 15 hens per cage (with a nest, dust-bathing box, two perches, and claw-shortening). At 72 weeks of age, maximal adrenal responsiveness was evaluated by measuring the changes in blood corticosterone level induced by the i.m. injection of 10 μg per hen of 1-24 ACTH (n = 15 hens per cage model). Hens (n = 15 to 23 hens per cage model) were slaughtered and the left and right humeri were used for measurement of weight, biomechanical characteristics in a flexion test, dry matter and ash percentage. Basal corticosterone levels did not differ significantly while the injection of ACTH produced a significant rise in corticosterone levels (P < 0.001) of similar amplitude for all cage models. Humeri weights, biomechanical characteristics (elastic strain, bioyield point, stiffness and breaking strength), dry weight and percentage of dry matter were not significantly different between cage models. The humeri ash percentage was significantly (P = 0.03) lower in birds from the S6 cage model (57.4%) than in birds from other cage models (S5: 59.0%; F7: 58.9%; F15: 59.7%). Adrenal responsiveness and major humeral characteristics were not significantly improved in furnished compared to standard cages in our experimental conditions. laying hen / furnished cages / exercise / bone / corticosterone / welfare Résumé – Qualité de l’os et capacité de réponse de la glande surrénale chez des poules pondeuses élevées en cages standard et en cages aménagées. Afin d'analyser si les dispositifs d’enrichissement apportés dans des cages aménagées contribuent à l’amélioration du bien-être chez la poule pondeuse, nous avons mesuré la réactivité des glandes surrénales et la qualité des humérus de poules pondeuses élevées en cages standard et en cages aménagées. Quatre modèles de cage ont été comparés : une cage standard à 5 poules S5, une cage standard à 6 poules S6, une cage aménagée à 7 poules F7 (avec un nid, un bac à poussière, 2 perchoirs, un système raccoucisseur de griffes) et une cage aménagée à 15 poules F15 (avec un nid, un bac à poussière, 2 perchoirs, un système raccourcisseur de griffes). La capacité de réponse maximale a été testée en comparant les corticostéronémies mesurées * Corresponding author: [email protected] 236 V. Guesdon et al. avant et après l’injection i.m. de 10 μg par poule d’ACTH 1–24 (n = 15 poules par modèle de cage). Quinze à 23 poules par modèle de cage ont été abattues à l’âge de 72 semaines. Le poids, les caractéristiques biomécaniques et la composition des humérus droit et gauche ont été mesurés. Les taux de bases de la corticostéronémie ne différaient pas significativement tandis que l’injection d’ACTH induisait une augmentation significative de la corticostéronémie (P < 0,001) dont l’amplitude était comparable pour chaque modèle de cage. Le poids des humérus, leurs caractéristiques biomécaniques (déformation élastique, résistance élastique, rigidité, résistance à la rupture), leur poids sec et leur pourcentage de matière sèche n’étaient pas significativement différents entre les modèles de cage. Le pourcentage de cendres était significativement (P = 0,03) plus faible pour les humérus des oiseaux du modèle de cage S6 (57,4 %) comparés aux humérus des poules des autres modèles de cage (S5 : 59,0 % ; F7 : 58,9 % ; F15 : 59,7 %). La réactivité des glandes surrénales ainsi que les caractéristiques principales des humérus n’ont pas été significativement améliorées dans les cages aménagées par rapport aux cages standard dans nos conditions expérimentales. poule pondeuse / cage aménagée / exercice / qualité de l’os / corticostérone / bien-être
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